Autism vs ADHD: Differences, Overlap & Co-occurrence
Autism and ADHD share some traits but are distinct. Learn the key differences, why they often co-occur, and how to tell them apart.
Autism and ADHD are both neurodivergent conditions that can look similar from the outside—yet they're distinct. Understanding the differences (and the overlap) helps with self-knowledge and getting the right support.
Many people wonder whether they have autism, ADHD, or both. The two conditions share traits like executive function challenges, sensory sensitivity, and difficulty fitting into neurotypical expectations. But the underlying patterns and what helps can differ. Here's a clear breakdown.
Core Differences at a Glance
Autism is primarily about how you process the world socially and sensorially, and how you relate to routines and interests. ADHD is primarily about regulation of attention, activity, and impulses. Both affect executive function, but in different ways.
- Social focus: Autism often involves fundamental differences in social communication and reading others; ADHD more often involves impulsivity in social situations or missing cues because of distraction.
- Routines: Many autistic people rely on routines for predictability; many people with ADHD find routines hard to maintain.
- Interests: Autistic special interests are often intense and narrow; ADHD interests can be intense but shift quickly.
- Attention: In ADHD, attention is variable and interest-dependent; in autism, focus can be very deep when engaged, with difficulty switching.
Why Autism and ADHD Overlap
Research shows high co-occurrence: a significant proportion of autistic people also meet criteria for ADHD, and vice versa. Shared genes and brain development may explain some of this. If you see yourself in both, you're not imagining it—considering both can lead to better support.
Can You Have Both?
Yes. Having both autism and ADHD is common. It can mean more pronounced executive function and sensory challenges, but also a mix of strengths from both. Diagnosis and support that acknowledge both tend to work best.
Conclusion
Autism vs ADHD isn't about choosing one label—it's about understanding your brain. Whether you identify with one, both, or simply find the frameworks useful, that knowledge can guide self-care, advocacy, and next steps.
Explore Autism and ADHD Traits
Our autism and ADHD assessments can help you see where you might fit. Many people take both to understand their full picture.